It is with great sadness that we announce the passing of Robert Hanhart (1925–2025), five days after his 100th birthday. 

Robert Hanhart was born in St. Gallen, Switzerland in 1925. He first studied classical philology and history at the University of Basel, from which he obtained a doctorate in 1954. He became director of the Septuaginta-Unternehmen at the Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen in 1961 and in the following year received a doctorate in theology from the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. From 1977 until his retirement in 1990 he was professor of Old Testament at Göttingen, during which time he also served as the director of the Septuaginta-Unternehmen until 1993.  

Hanhart is best remembered among biblical scholars for his critical editions of books of the Septuagint in the Göttingen Septuaginta series. After completing the edition of 2 Maccabees in 1959, he produced an edition of Greek Esther as his habilitationschrift (1966) and then went on to publish editions of 1–2 Esdras, 3 Maccabees, Judith, Tobit, and 2 Chronicles, along with volumes on the text of 2–3 Maccabees, Tobit, and 2 Esdras, a volume of essays entitled Studien zur Septuaginta und zum hellenistischen Judentum (1999), and a revision of Rahlfs’ Handausgabe in 2006. 

A festschrift in honor of Hanhart’s 65th birthday was published in 1990 (Studien zur Septuaginta, Robert Hanhart zu Ehren: aus Anlass seines 65. Geburtstages) and a second festschrift celebrating the centennial of his birth will be published in September 2025 entitled Das Erbe der Göttinger Septuaginta: Festschrift aus Anlass des 100. Geburtstages von Robert Hanhart (*1925), ed. Felix Albrecht and Reinhard Gregor Kratz. Hanhart’s legacy lives on in the Robert Hanhart Foundation (“Robert Hanhart-Stiftung zur Förderung der Septuaginta-Forschung”), under whose auspices the work on the remaining editions of the Göttingen Septuaginta will be conducted.

Leonard J. Greenspoon
Philip M. and Ethel Klutznick Chair in Jewish Civilization
Professor of Classical and Near Eastern Studies and of Theology
Creighton University

We are saddened to hear of the passing of Leonard J. Greenspoon (1945-2025), who served as IOSCS president for six years (1993-1999) and contributed much to Septuagint studies over the course of his scholarly career.

Leonard received BA and MA degrees in classical studies from the University of Richmond, after which he earned a Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1977. After teaching for twenty years at Clemson University, he held the Philip M. and Ethel Klutznick Chair in Jewish Civilization and was Professor of Classical and Near Eastern Studies and of Theology at Creighton University in Omaha, Nebraska.

During his studies at Harvard, a course on the book of Joshua with Professor G. Ernest Wright especially sparked his interest in Greek Joshua, which became the subject of his dissertation and first book, Textual Studies in the Book of Joshua (HSM 28; Scholars Press, 1983). Along with his regular column “The Bible in the News” for Biblical Archaeology, Leonard published extensively on the Septuagint along with other Jewish Bible translations and authored a biography of an earlier expert on Greek Joshua: Max Leopold Margolis: A Scholar’s Scholar (BSNA 15; Scholars Press, 1987). Leonard also contributed to Septuagint studies by serving as president of IOSCS (1993-1996) and was instrumental to the publication of New English Translation of the Septuagint, for which he served as chair of the steering committee and translated Greek Joshua.

A festschrift published for Leonard in 2018—Found in Translation: Essays on Jewish Translation in Honor of Leonard J. Greenspoon, ed. James W. Barker, Anthony Le Donne, and Joel N. Lohr (Purdue University Press: 2018)—features a biographical interview, essays by his students and colleagues, and a long list of his many publications. His last book, Jewish Bible Translations: Personalities, Passions, Politics, Progress (Jewish Publication Society: 2020), demonstrates the breadth of his interest in the subject of Bible translations, beginning with the Septuagint and going on to cover Jewish translations into Aramaic, Arabic, Yiddish, German, English, and many other languages. Leonard will be remembered for his kindness to colleagues and students and his work will continue to impact the next generations of Septuagint scholars.

Joshua Alfaro

The following note was added by Kristin De Troyer:

From discussing marginal readings in manuscript 344 and identifying Kaige and/or Theodotion, to organizing brilliant conferences, such as the Esther 2000 one, and most importantly to his ability for connecting scholars with each other and allowing some to connect with him on a deeper level, showing his beautiful fragility, Lennie was an exceptional scholar and a true Mensch.

One example of his care is engraved in my memory. When Seppo Sipilä needed a copy of the Joshua edition of Margolis—long before the existence of scanning and pdfs—Lennie not only had made a copy of the edition and brought it to the SBL meeting, but he had also thought about its transport and roadmap, telling me to show up on a late evening in a bar at the SBL meeting where Moshe Bernstein, to whom Lennie had given the copy, would be waiting to hand it to me. Per instruction, I had to then give the copy to Anne-Marit Enroth-Voitila, who would take it to Helsinki and give it to her husband, Ansi Voitila, who in turn would take it to the faculty of theology in Finland and give it to Seppo. The care given to the whole process, taking into account that he would miss part of it, showed his care for both academic research and personal connections. I will miss his laugh. The universe has just lost a beauty of a soul. 

Albert Pietersma
Professor Emeritus of Septuagint and Hellenistic Greek
Department of Near and Middle Eastern Civilizations
University of Toronto
September 28, 1935 – March 25, 2025

Albert Pietersma passed away peacefully on Tuesday, March 25, 2025 at the age of 89. He was born on September 28, 1935 in a small town in The Netherlands called Opende, which is in the province of Groningen just across the eastern border of the province of Friesland. He was the second eldest in a family that included four boys and two girls. In the Spring of 1951, the Pietersmas emigrated to Canada, settling on a farm near Brockville, Ontario. Al took a job at a nearby factory and also worked on the farm.

In 1956, realizing that farming was not really something he wanted to do for the rest of his life, he began high school studies by correspondence and started to think about the kind of career he would like to have. Two years later, he enrolled as an undergraduate at Calvin College in Grand Rapids, Michigan and fell in love with the Classics, especially Greek Classical Literature. The greatest love of his life, however, was Margaret Stadig, a native of Amsterdam, who had also emigrated to Canada and come to Brockville. They were married in August of 1960.

Al graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Classics and Philosophy from Calvin College in 1962, and then in 1965 with a Bachelor of Divinity degree from Calvin Theological Seminary. He went on to do graduate studies at the University of Toronto, majoring in Hebrew Language and Literature, with a first minor in Septuagint and a second minor in Aramaic-Syriac. He completed his PhD program in 1970 with a dissertation that was focused on the Chester Beatty Papyri of Genesis (Rahlfs manuscripts 961 and 962), and which led ultimately to his publication of the volume entitled Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri IV and V: A New Edition with Text-Critical Analysis (ASP 16; Toronto/Sarasota: Samuel Stevens Hakkert and Company, 1977). This doctoral research coincided with the work of his Doktorvater, John Wevers, who was at that time preparing the critical edition of Genesis for the Göttingen Septuaginta series. Al was appointed to a tenured position at the University of Toronto where he and Wevers introduced a PhD program in Septuagint Studies, and Al remained on the faculty there until his retirement in 2001.

Al played a significant role in the leadership and development of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies, serving in various capacities over the years, as Secretary and Archivist (1972-80), President (1980-87), Immediate Past President (1987-93) and Honorary President (1993–). He was a remarkable scholar whose contributions to the discipline of Septuagint Studies were stimulating and impactful, not least in his capacity as Joint-Editor-in-Chief (along with Benjamin Wright) of A New English Translation of the Septuagint (OUP, 2007) and of the forthcoming Society of Biblical Literature Commentary on the Septuagint series (SBL Press). Included among his numerous publications were monographs and essays dealing with Greek and Coptic papyrus texts of Genesis, Psalms, The Apocalypse of Elijah, The Acts of Phileas, and The Apocryphon of Jannes and Jambres, as well as with topics pertaining to the textual criticism, exegesis, and hermeneutics of the Septuagint. A representative sampling of his work on the critical study of the Septuagint is found in a collection of essays edited by Cameron Boyd-Taylor entitled A Question of Methodology: Albert Pietersma, Collected Essays on the Septuagint (BTS 14; Leuven: Peeters, 2013). On the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, Al was presented with a Festschrift entitled The Old Greek Psalter: Studies in Honour of Albert Pietersma (ed. Robert J. V. Hiebert, Claude E. Cox, and Peter J. Gentry; JSOTSup 332; Sheffield Academic Press, 2001; Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2009).

Al was an attentive mentor to his students and a model of conscientious, scholarly rigor to students and colleagues alike. He was also the devoted husband of Margaret, a loving father to their children, a beloved grandfather, and an enduring friend who, along with Margaret, extended generous hospitality to many. In addition to his scholarly pursuits, Al enjoyed woodworking, being a handyman, and gardening, and he was an avid environmentalist. He will be greatly missed.

The conference registration and program for the 2025 IOSCS Congress in Berlin is now available online.

The International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies (IOSCS) is soliciting papers for its annual meeting in Boston, to be held in conjunction with SBL. We invite proposals for twenty-minute papers on any aspect of the LXX and cognate literature. One of the sessions will be devoted to translations of the LXX into East-Asian languages and to East-Asian research on the LXX more broadly (chair Jonathan Lo). Proposals of max. 350 words for that session or on any other relevant topic are welcome and should be submitted through the SBL Annual Meetings website. All presenters and panelists must be members in good standing with the IOSCS. Please direct any queries to Reinhart Ceulemans at reinhart (dot) ceulemans (at) kuleuven (dot) be.